ABSTRACT
Evidence from recent millennia demonstrates the progressive efforts of humans to prevent diagnose and cure diseases. Understanding diseases and developing cures has always been a challenge for various reasons, but the successes surpass the setbacks in terms of discoveries. Overcoming infectious diseases has shown the most successes as well as challenges, and still the case may be so. New technologies are bringing many opportunities for the future. While cures for cancer, heart disease, diabetes, AIDS, etc. still remain to be included in the successes, on the other hand regenerative medicine, nanotechnologies and point of care are very promising developments. In this review we have tried to cover the past, present and future expectation and challenges associated with medicine and surgery